10 One similarity between animism and Shinto is
that people who follow these belief systems
(1) practice filial piety
(2) worship spirits in nature** Anisim believe that everything has a spirit and Shinto's believe in nature.
(3) are monotheistic
(4) are required to make pilgrimages
11 • Buddhist temples are found in Japan.
• Most Indonesians study the Koran.
• Catholicism is the dominant religion in Latin
America.
These statements illustrate a result of
(1) westernization
(2) cultural diffusion**
(3) economic nationalism
(4) fundamentalism
12 Which group introduced the Cyrillic alphabet,
Orthodox Christianity, and domed architecture to
Russian culture?
(1) Mongols (3) Jews
(2) Vikings (4) Byzantines**3 Which pair of belief systems share a belief that
spirits reside in natural objects and forms?
(1) Hinduism and Confucianism
(2) Islam and Judaism
(3) Shintoism and animism**
(4) Christianity and Buddhism11 Revival of trade in western Europe, decline of
feudalism, revival of interest in learning, and
cultural interaction with the Middle East are
associated with the
(1) impact of the Crusades**
(2) effects of the barter system
(3) growth of the Maya Empire
(4) rise of Charlemagne
17 In western Europe, Martin Luther’s Ninety-five
Theses and Henry VIII’s Act of Supremacy led to
(1) an end to Christian unity**
(2) a strengthening of economic unity
(3) better relations between peasants and
merchants
(4) fewer violent outbreaks between ethnic
groups
12 Which situation is considered a cause of the other
three?
(1) Religious unity declines throughout Europe.
(2) The Catholic Counter-Reformation begins.
(3) The power of the Roman Catholic Church
decreases.
(4) Martin Luther posts the Ninety-five Theses.**
16 • Pope Leo authorizes the sale of indulgences,
1515
• Martin Luther posts the Ninety-five Theses,
1517
These events are most closely associated with the
(1) Protestant Reformation**
(2) Crusades
(3) Age of Reason
(4) Puritan Revolution
36 One way in which wars, religious conflict, and
natural disasters are similar is that these
situations may result in
(1) the mass migration of people**
(2) economic stability
(3) an increase in life expectancy
(4) global warming
Base your answers to questions 45 and 46 on the
passage below and on your knowledge of social
studies.
. . . The power of God can be felt in a moment
from one end of the world to the other: the royal
power acts simultaneously throughout the
kingdom. It holds the whole kingdom in position
just as God holds the whole world.
If God were to withdraw his hand, the entire
world would return to nothing: if authority ceases
in the kingdom, all lapses into confusion. . . .
— Bishop Jacques-Benigne Bossuet
45 This passage describes the idea of
(1) divine right rule**
(2) parliamentary democracy
(3) Marxism
(4) totalitarianism
12 Muslims’ reference to Christians and Jews as
“People of the Book” demonstrates they all
shared a belief in
(1) the pope (3) monotheism**
(2) the five relationships (4) dharma
9 • Islamic scholars made significant contributions
to astronomy.
• Muslim architects excelled in design.
• Schools and libraries were built in Islamic
urban centers.
Which conclusion about Islamic society during its
Golden Age can best be supported by these
statements?
(1) Social status of Muslims was determined at
birth.
(2) Achievements relied on a knowledge of math**
and science.
(3) People of diverse faiths were required to
convert to Islam.
(4) Cities developed self-sufficient economies.
6 What is one way in which animism, Shinto, and
Daoism are similar?
(1) emphasis on harmony with nature
(2) monotheistic belief systems**
(3) belief in the idea of nirvana
(4) reliance on the teachings of the Vedas
50 Which generalization can best be supported using the information in these graphs?
(1) Conflicts between religious groups in Afghanistan have divided the country.**
(2) Western countries have had a major influence on the cultural makeup of Afghanistan.
(3) The primary languages in Afghanistan are Turkic.
(4) Diversity is evident in Afghanistan.
Base your answers to questions 15 and 16 on the
speakers’ statements below and on your knowledge of
social studies.
Speaker A: The chief problem with the Roman
Catholic Church is the practice of selling
indulgences. The only way for Christians
to receive salvation is through faith alone.
Speaker B: If Christians want to be saved, they
should perform good deeds and ask for
forgiveness of sins. The granting of
indulgences allows Christians to be
excused for their sins.
Speaker C: It is true that the Bible, and not
members of the clergy, is the ultimate
source of religious truth. However, God
has already decided who will be saved
and who will not.
Speaker D: Since the Pope does not agree with my
position, I have decided to separate
from the Roman Catholic Church. I am
now not only the head of England but
also of the Anglican Church.
15 Which speaker most closely reflects the ideas of
Martin Luther?
(1) A (3) C
(2) B (4) D**
6 Which belief system requires fasting during
Ramadan, praying five times daily, and making a
pilgrimage to Mecca?
(1) Judaism (3) Islam**
(2) Christianity (4) Hinduism
26 What is a major belief associated with Marxism?
(1) The proletariat would rise up and overthrow
the bourgeoisie.**
(2) Religion should be more important than
political forces.
(3) Private ownership of property should be
expanded.
(4) Peasants would gain control of overseas
markets.
Base your answers to questions 12 and 13 on the
speakers’ statements below and on your knowledge of
social studies.
Speaker A: We must fight to keep control of
Jerusalem in the hands of those who
believe in Allah.
Speaker B: Come and battle while there is still time
to protect the Holy Land where Christ
walked.
Speaker C: We must go forth to heal the split
between the churches.
Speaker D: An investment in ships and knights will
yield control of profitable trade routes.
12 Which speaker expresses a Muslim perspective
during the Crusades?
(1) A** (3) C
(2) B (4) D
8 Which religion includes the Four Noble Truths,
the Eightfold Path, and nirvana?
(1) Buddhism** (3) Judaism
(2) Hinduism (4) Christianity
50 • Sunnis and Shiites have different views about
who should lead the Muslim faith.
• Today some Hindus follow caste rules more
closely than others do.
• Most Buddhists belong to one of two main
sects.
• Christianity is practiced by both Catholics and
Protestants.
Which generalization is supported by the information in these four statements?
(1) In many religions, a range of beliefs often
exists.**
(2) A belief in a god is common to all religions.
(3) A hierarchy of leadership exists in all religions.
(4) Religion is becoming less important to
people.
49 • Buddhism is introduced into Japan around
A.D. 1200.
• Islam extends from the Middle East into Spain
by A.D. 732.
• Catholic and Protestant missionaries bring
Christianity to Africa in the 1800s.
Each of these statements reflects the concept of
(1) cultural diffusion** (3) civil disobedience
(2) urbanization (4) isolationism
that people who follow these belief systems
(1) practice filial piety
(2) worship spirits in nature** Anisim believe that everything has a spirit and Shinto's believe in nature.
(3) are monotheistic
(4) are required to make pilgrimages
11 • Buddhist temples are found in Japan.
• Most Indonesians study the Koran.
• Catholicism is the dominant religion in Latin
America.
These statements illustrate a result of
(1) westernization
(2) cultural diffusion**
(3) economic nationalism
(4) fundamentalism
12 Which group introduced the Cyrillic alphabet,
Orthodox Christianity, and domed architecture to
Russian culture?
(1) Mongols (3) Jews
(2) Vikings (4) Byzantines**3 Which pair of belief systems share a belief that
spirits reside in natural objects and forms?
(1) Hinduism and Confucianism
(2) Islam and Judaism
(3) Shintoism and animism**
(4) Christianity and Buddhism11 Revival of trade in western Europe, decline of
feudalism, revival of interest in learning, and
cultural interaction with the Middle East are
associated with the
(1) impact of the Crusades**
(2) effects of the barter system
(3) growth of the Maya Empire
(4) rise of Charlemagne
17 In western Europe, Martin Luther’s Ninety-five
Theses and Henry VIII’s Act of Supremacy led to
(1) an end to Christian unity**
(2) a strengthening of economic unity
(3) better relations between peasants and
merchants
(4) fewer violent outbreaks between ethnic
groups
12 Which situation is considered a cause of the other
three?
(1) Religious unity declines throughout Europe.
(2) The Catholic Counter-Reformation begins.
(3) The power of the Roman Catholic Church
decreases.
(4) Martin Luther posts the Ninety-five Theses.**
16 • Pope Leo authorizes the sale of indulgences,
1515
• Martin Luther posts the Ninety-five Theses,
1517
These events are most closely associated with the
(1) Protestant Reformation**
(2) Crusades
(3) Age of Reason
(4) Puritan Revolution
36 One way in which wars, religious conflict, and
natural disasters are similar is that these
situations may result in
(1) the mass migration of people**
(2) economic stability
(3) an increase in life expectancy
(4) global warming
Base your answers to questions 45 and 46 on the
passage below and on your knowledge of social
studies.
. . . The power of God can be felt in a moment
from one end of the world to the other: the royal
power acts simultaneously throughout the
kingdom. It holds the whole kingdom in position
just as God holds the whole world.
If God were to withdraw his hand, the entire
world would return to nothing: if authority ceases
in the kingdom, all lapses into confusion. . . .
— Bishop Jacques-Benigne Bossuet
45 This passage describes the idea of
(1) divine right rule**
(2) parliamentary democracy
(3) Marxism
(4) totalitarianism
12 Muslims’ reference to Christians and Jews as
“People of the Book” demonstrates they all
shared a belief in
(1) the pope (3) monotheism**
(2) the five relationships (4) dharma
9 • Islamic scholars made significant contributions
to astronomy.
• Muslim architects excelled in design.
• Schools and libraries were built in Islamic
urban centers.
Which conclusion about Islamic society during its
Golden Age can best be supported by these
statements?
(1) Social status of Muslims was determined at
birth.
(2) Achievements relied on a knowledge of math**
and science.
(3) People of diverse faiths were required to
convert to Islam.
(4) Cities developed self-sufficient economies.
6 What is one way in which animism, Shinto, and
Daoism are similar?
(1) emphasis on harmony with nature
(2) monotheistic belief systems**
(3) belief in the idea of nirvana
(4) reliance on the teachings of the Vedas
50 Which generalization can best be supported using the information in these graphs?
(1) Conflicts between religious groups in Afghanistan have divided the country.**
(2) Western countries have had a major influence on the cultural makeup of Afghanistan.
(3) The primary languages in Afghanistan are Turkic.
(4) Diversity is evident in Afghanistan.
Base your answers to questions 15 and 16 on the
speakers’ statements below and on your knowledge of
social studies.
Speaker A: The chief problem with the Roman
Catholic Church is the practice of selling
indulgences. The only way for Christians
to receive salvation is through faith alone.
Speaker B: If Christians want to be saved, they
should perform good deeds and ask for
forgiveness of sins. The granting of
indulgences allows Christians to be
excused for their sins.
Speaker C: It is true that the Bible, and not
members of the clergy, is the ultimate
source of religious truth. However, God
has already decided who will be saved
and who will not.
Speaker D: Since the Pope does not agree with my
position, I have decided to separate
from the Roman Catholic Church. I am
now not only the head of England but
also of the Anglican Church.
15 Which speaker most closely reflects the ideas of
Martin Luther?
(1) A (3) C
(2) B (4) D**
6 Which belief system requires fasting during
Ramadan, praying five times daily, and making a
pilgrimage to Mecca?
(1) Judaism (3) Islam**
(2) Christianity (4) Hinduism
26 What is a major belief associated with Marxism?
(1) The proletariat would rise up and overthrow
the bourgeoisie.**
(2) Religion should be more important than
political forces.
(3) Private ownership of property should be
expanded.
(4) Peasants would gain control of overseas
markets.
Base your answers to questions 12 and 13 on the
speakers’ statements below and on your knowledge of
social studies.
Speaker A: We must fight to keep control of
Jerusalem in the hands of those who
believe in Allah.
Speaker B: Come and battle while there is still time
to protect the Holy Land where Christ
walked.
Speaker C: We must go forth to heal the split
between the churches.
Speaker D: An investment in ships and knights will
yield control of profitable trade routes.
12 Which speaker expresses a Muslim perspective
during the Crusades?
(1) A** (3) C
(2) B (4) D
8 Which religion includes the Four Noble Truths,
the Eightfold Path, and nirvana?
(1) Buddhism** (3) Judaism
(2) Hinduism (4) Christianity
50 • Sunnis and Shiites have different views about
who should lead the Muslim faith.
• Today some Hindus follow caste rules more
closely than others do.
• Most Buddhists belong to one of two main
sects.
• Christianity is practiced by both Catholics and
Protestants.
Which generalization is supported by the information in these four statements?
(1) In many religions, a range of beliefs often
exists.**
(2) A belief in a god is common to all religions.
(3) A hierarchy of leadership exists in all religions.
(4) Religion is becoming less important to
people.
49 • Buddhism is introduced into Japan around
A.D. 1200.
• Islam extends from the Middle East into Spain
by A.D. 732.
• Catholic and Protestant missionaries bring
Christianity to Africa in the 1800s.
Each of these statements reflects the concept of
(1) cultural diffusion** (3) civil disobedience
(2) urbanization (4) isolationism